Akos, P., & Kretchmar, J. (2017). Investigating grit at a non-cognitive predictor of college success.
The Review of Higher Education,
40(2), 163-186, doi:
10.1353/rhe.2017.0000
An, H. Y., & Kim, Y. (2018). Relationship between SNS characteristic and beauty product consumption behavior-verification of mediating effect of consumer attitude-.
Asia-Pacific Journal of Multimedia Service Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology,
8(10), 533-542, doi:
10.35873/ajmahs.2018.8.10.052
An, S. K., Jeong, B. H., & Oh, J. H. (2022). The effect of university student’s occupational values on major satisfaction and career decision self-effectiveness: Focusing on college students majoring in tax accounting education.
Journal of Employment and Career,
12(3), 15-173, doi:
10.35273/jec.2022.12.3.007
Bandura, A.. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control Freeman and Company, New York.
Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indices in structural models.
Psychological Bulletin,
107:238-246.
Betz, N. E., & Klein, K. (1996). Relationship among measures of career self-efficacy, generalized self-efficacy, and global self-esteem.
Journal of Career Assessment,
4:285-298.
Cha, J. J. (2018). The effect of a sense of calling, grit, and major satisfaction on life satisfaction of early childhood pre-service teachers.
Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction,
18(17), 727-744, doi:
10.22251/jlcci.2018.18.17.727
Cho, N. K., Kwon, J. H., & Jung, M. Y. (2017). The structural relationship among autonomy, mindset and academic persistence intention with grit.
Korean Journal of Youth Studies,
24(12), 45-69,
http://dx.doi.org/10.21509/KJYS.2017.12.24.12.45
Duckworth, A. L.. (2016). Grit: The power of passion and perseverance New York, NY, Simon and Schuster.
Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
92:1087-1101, doi:
10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087
Fornell, C. B., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error.
Journal of Marketing Research,
18(1), 39-50.
Fouad, N. A., & Guillen, A. (2006). Outcome expectation: Looking to the past and potential future.
Journal of Career Assessment,
17:338-347, doi:
10.1177/1069072706288928
Ham, Y. R. (2023). The relationship between happiness and grit of parents and children, academic helplessness, academic engagement and academic achievement: Multigroup analysis across gender.
The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction,
23(9), 587-605,
https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2023.23.9.587
Harrington, R., & Lofredo, D. A. (2001). The relationship between life satisfaction, self-consciousness, and the Myers-Briggs type inventory dimensions.
Journal of Psychology,
135(4), 439-450, doi:
10.1080/00223980109603710
Heo, S. Y. (2020). The mediating effects of grit in the relationship between adolescents’ resilience and career preparation behavior. Konyang University Graduate School of Education. Master dissertation, Nonsan.
Hong, A. J., Hwang, E. H., Jo, Y. S., Kim, Y. J., & Choi, M. O. (2017). Influence of university students’ reflective learning on career preparation behavior and the mediating effect of grit.
The Journal of Vacational Education Research,
36(4), 1-20, doi:
10.37210/JVER.2017.36.4.1
Hwang, M. H., Ha, H. S., & Kim, M. S. (2017). Grit and academic achievement among elementary school students: The mediating role of academic self-regulation. The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling, 16(3), 301-319.
Jang, Y. R., & Huh, J. Y. (2019). The effect of grit on career decision making self-efficacy and career preparation behavior of university students in physical education.
The Korean Society of Sports Science,
28(4), 819-834, doi:
10.35159/kjss.2019.08.28.4.819
Je, N. J., Park, M. R., & Yoon, J. W. (2022). Mediating effect of familiarity and social support on the relationship between grit and study continuation intention of Mongolian students.
The Journal of Convergence on Culture Technology,
8(6), 199-205,
http://dx.doi.org/10.17703/JCCT.2022.8.6.199
Jeong, H. Y. (2021). Mediating effect on grit in the relationship between resilience and job satisfaction on hairdressers.
Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology,
27(3), 713-722,
https://doi.org/10.52660/JKSC.2021.27.3.713
Jeong, H. Y. (2023). Mediation effect of major satisfaction on grit and major commitment of hair beauty majors.
Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology,
29(2), 440-448,
https://doi.org/10.52660/JKSC.2023.29.2.440
Kang, H. W. (2021). The multiple mediation effect of positive psychological capital and grit on the relationship between social support and sport performance strategy perceived by adolescent athletes.
Korean Journal of Physical Education,
60(4), 187-198,
https://doi.org/10.23949/kjpe.2021.7.60.4.14
Kang, M. H., Yoon, S. H., Kim, D. H., & Ryoo, D. H. (2016). The relationship among career preparation behavior, grit, career decision-making self-efficacy, outcome expectation, and major interest of natural science college students. The Journal of Vocational Education Research, 35(4), 109-129.
Kim, E. S., Kim, J, P., & Lee, J. C. (2018). The structural relationship among career, major satisfaction, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career preparation behavior of drama & Theatre major in credit bank system.
The Journal of Career Education Research,
31(1), 131-151, doi:
10.32341/JCER.2018.03.31.1.131
Kim, G. R. (2023). Analysis of mediating effect of skin care self-management in the relationship between self-efficacy and business performance of skin care workers’s grit.
Journal of the Korean Oil Chemists Society,
40(6), 1506-1520,
http://dx.doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2023.40.6.1506
Kim, H. D., & Lee, S. H. (2022). Relationship between college students’ social support, grit, major satisfaction, and career decision-making self-efficacy in non-face-to-face situation.
Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences,
34(4), 633-647, doi:
10.13000/JFMSE.2022.8.34.4.633
Kim, H., Seo, G. Y., & Park, S. I. (2021). Moderation effect of grit in the relationship between career decision-making self-efficacy and depression in high school students in the COVID-19 period.
The Journal of Career Education Research,
34(3), 221-235.
Kim, J. H., Kim, M. G., & Hong, S. H. (2009). Writing a thesis using a structural equation model, Communication books.
Kim, J. U., & Kong, S. H. (2021). Mediation effects of grit and sense of school belonging on the relationship between adult attachment and career preparation behavior of specialized vocational high school students.
The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction,
21(8), 583-598,
https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2021.21.8.583
Kim, K. T. (2021). The mediating role of positive psychological capital in the relationship between academic persistence and grit.
Journal of Character Education & Research,
6(2), 195-290, doi:
10.46227/JCER.6.2.10
Kim, K. W., & Kim, H. I. (2023). The effect of SNS marketing characteristics on trust, technology acceptance intention, and repurchase intention of Chinese foodservice companies.
Journal of Foodservice Management,
26(6), 259-283.
Kim, U. C., & Park, Y. S. (1998). Success attribution among Korean students and adults : An indigenou. Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 12(2), 51-84.
Ko, Y. S. (2023). Mindset, grit, and academic persistence intention of cyber university students.
The e-Business Studies,
24(1), 153-169, doi:
10.20462/tebs.2023.2.24.1.153
Komarraju, M., Swanson, J., & Nadler, D. (2013). Increased career self-efficacy predicts college student’s Motivation, and course and major satisfaction.
Journal of Career Assessment,
22(3), 420-432,
https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072713498484
Lee, I. S., & Lee, J. P. (2023). Factor affecting job-seeking stress in sports and general university students: Focusing on social support, grit, and career calling.
Journal of Korean Society for the Study of Physical Education,
27(6), 273-284, doi:
10.15831/JKSSPE.2023.27.6.273
Lee, J. H. (2018). A study on the effect of the quality level of counseling service on learning persistence intention in cyber university. Soongsil University Graduate School of Education, Doctoral dissertation, Seoul.
Lee, M. H. (2016). The structural relationship among resilience, major satisfaction and employment preparation of technical high school students.
Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Educations,
41(1), 44-67,
http://dx-doi-org.r/10.35140/kiiedu.2016.41.1.44
Lee, N. R., Seo, H. S., & Lee, S. G. (2022). The effect of grit on career decision-making self-efficacy and career preparation behavior of cosmetology students.
Journal of Beauty Art Management,
16(3),
http://data.doi.or.kr/10.22649/JBAM.2022.16.3.109
Lee, S. A., & Tae, D. S. (2022). The influence of grit and positive psychological capital on work-life balance in beauty service providers. Korean Society of Cosmetics and Cosmetology, 12(1), 25-40.
Lee, S. E. (2023). Stress and grit on turnover intention on estheticians. The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, 24(3), 1-12.
Lee, S. J., & Yang, D. S. (2023). The mediating effects of exercise commitment between emotional self-efficacy and exercise adherence intention in sports billiards club members.
The Korean Journal of Sport,
21(4), 343-354,
https://doi.org/10.46669/kss.2023.21.4.030
Lee, S. M. (2022). The effect of beauty specialized school students’ major satisfaction, school life adaptation, teacher relationship satisfaction, and friendship satisfaction on job preparation activities. Korean Society of Cosmetics and Cosmetology, 12(3), 347-359.
Lee, S. R., An, T. Y., Park, S, B., & Yang, S. J. (2021). Development and validation on the Korean Version of Grit Scale(K-GRIT).
Korean Journal of Psychology: General,
40(3), 351-387, doi:
10.22257/kjp.2021.9.40.3.351
Lee, Y. J., & Woo, M. O. (2022). Effects of mindset and grit on beauty sustainability intention of beauty academy students. Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology, 28(4), 818-826.
Lee, Y. J., Yoo, J, Y., Kim, H. J., Lee, S. E., & Oh, S. H. (2023). Validation of the measurement tool for self-management of beauty professional using the Rasch Model.
The Korean Society of Beauty and Art,
24(3), 1-18, doi:
10.18693/jksba.2023.24.3.273
Lee, S. H. (2021). Current status of specialized high school and measures to improve youth employment. Studies of Social Security Low, 44:1-23.
Lee, S. R. (2015). Effects of grit deliberate practice and contingencies of self-worth on academic achievement. Yonsei University Graduate School of Education, Doctoral dissertation, Seoul.
Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackette, G. (1994). Monograph: Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance.
Journal of Vocational Behavior,
45:79-122.
Lim, H. J., & Kim, J. H. (2022). The relationship effect of major satisfaction and grit in the relationship between college student’s parental attachment and career decision-making self-efficacy.
Transactional Analysis Counseling Research,
12(2), 143-161, doi:
10.35476/taca.2022.12.2.143
Lim, Y. H., & Lee, B. W. (2014). Identify the factors affecting the latent interruption academic work of students of vocational high schools. The Journal of Vocational Education Research, 33(2), 1-16.
Lucas, G. M., Gratch, J., Cheng, L., & Marsella, S. (2015). When the going gets tough: Grit predicts costly perseverance.
Journal of Research in Personality,
59:15-22,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2015.08.004
Mun, S. T., & Joo, J. Y. (2020). Analysis on moderating effect of social support in the relationship between grit and career decision-making self-efficacy.
The Journal of Career Education Research,
33(3), 87-107.
Park, Y. J., & Na, S. I. (2019). The causal relationship between sense of school belonging, parent support, self-efficacy, outcome expectation and grit of specialized vocational high school students.
Journal of Agricultural Education and Human Resource Development,
51(2), 97-120, doi:
10.23840/agehrd.2019.51.2.97
Park, C. H., & Hwang, M. W. (2019). A study on the effects of parental learning involvement, grit on english academic achievement: Focusing on gender differences.
The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction,
19(9), 67-97, doi:
10.22251/jlcci.2019.19.9.67
Park, M. A., Lim, Y. S., & Chon, H. J. (2019). A study on the relationship between NCS education-based job capability and progress level of students at beauty specialization high school.
Korean Society for Holistic Convergence Education,
23(2), 47-64,
https://doi.org/10.35184/kshce.2019.23.2.47
Park, S. H., & Yuh, J. I. (2021). Effect of adolescent attachment on anger expression: Examining mediating effect on intolerance of uncertainty.
Korean Journal of Youth Studies,
28(2), 31-57,
http://dx.doi.org/10.21509/KJYS.2021.02.28.2.31
Park, Y. J., & Na, S. I. (2019). The causal relationship between sense of school belonging, parent support, self-efficacy, outcome expectation and grit of specialized vocational high school students.
Journal of Agricultural Education and Human Resource Development,
51(2), 97-120, doi:
10.23840/agehrd.2019.51.2.97
Park, Y. O. (2021). The affect of grit of college students majoring in airline service on their career choice motivation, emotional commitment, and satisfaction with college life.
Journal of Employment and Career,
11(1), 135-157, doi:
10.35273/jec.2021.11.1.006
Park, Y. S., & Kim, U. C. (1999). Conceptual and empirical analysis of attribution al style: The relationship among six attribution style in Korea. Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 13(3), 119-165.
Parker, A. (1999). A study of variables that predict dropout from distance education. International Journal of Education Technology, 1(2), 1-10.
Sandler, M. E. (2000). Career decision-making self-efficacy, perceived stress, and integrated model of student persistence: A structural model of finances, attitude, behavior, and career development.
Research in Higher Education,
41:537-580,
https://www.jstor.org/stable/40196402
Seo, B. R., & Lee, K. S. (2018). An analysis of the structural relationship among satisfaction in major, social support, career decision-making self-efficacy and career preparation behavior of college students majoring in secretarial studies.
Journal of Seretarial Studies,
27(1), 87-116, doi:
10.35605/jss.2018.03.27.1.87
Slick, S. N., & Lee, C. S. (2014). The relative levels of grit and their relationship with potential dropping-out and university adjustment of foreign students in Korea.
Journal of Digital Convergence,
12(8), 61-66.
Yun, K. B. (2020). The effect of mothers’ grit on adolescents’ grit: The moderated mediating effect of parent attitudes by parent-adolescent conversation time. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 38(2), 15-28.